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Effect Sizes

          Cortina, J.M. & Nouri, H. (2000). Effect size for ANOVA designs. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

          Fidler, F. (2002). The fifth edition of the APA Publication Manual: Why its statistics recommendations are so controversial. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62, 749-770.

          Hill, C.R., & Thompson, B. (2004). Computing and interpreting effect sizes. In J.C. Smart (Ed.), Higher education: Handbook of theory and research (Vol. 19, pp. 175-196). New York: Kluwer.

          Kirk, R. (1996). Practical significance: A concept whose time has come. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56, 746-759.

          Kirk, R. E. (2003). The importance of effect magnitude. In S. F. Davis (Ed.), Handbook of research methods in experimental psychology (pp. 83-105). Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell.

          Kline, R. (2004). Beyond significance testing: Reforming data analysis methods in behavioral research. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

          Olejnik, S., & Algina, J. (2000). Measures of effect size for comparative studies: Applications, interpretations, and limitations. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 241-286.

          Rosenthal, R. (1994). Parametric measures of effect size. In H. Cooper & L.V. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 231-244). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

          Snyder, P., & Lawson, S. (1993). Evaluating results using corrected and uncorrected effect size estimates. Journal of Experimental Education, 61, 334-349.

          Thompson, B. (2002). "Statistical," "practical," and "clinical": How many kinds of significance do counselors need to consider? Journal of Counseling and Development, 80, 64-71.

          Thompson, B. (2002). What future quantitative social science research could look like: Confidence intervals for effect sizes. Educational Researcher, 31(3), 24-31.

          Thompson, B. (in press). Effect sizes vs statistical significance. In R.A. Swanson & E.F. Holton (Eds.), Research in organizations: Foundational principles, processes, and methods of inquiry. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.

          Thompson, B. (in press). Research synthesis: Effect sizes. In J. Green, G. Camilli, & P.B. Elmore (Eds.), Complementary methods for research in education. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.

          Vacha-Haase, T., & Thompson, B. (2004). How to estimate and interpret various effect sizes. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 473-481.


Confidence Intervals for Effect Sizes

          Algina, J., & Keselman, H.J. (2003). Approximate confidence intervals for effect sizes. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 63, 537-553.

          Cumming, G., & Finch, S. (2001). A primer on the understanding, use and calculation of confidence intervals that are based on central and noncentral distributions. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 61, 532-575.

          Cumming, G., & Finch, S. (in press). Inference by eye: Confidence intervals, and how to read pictures of data. American Psychologist.

          Steiger, J.H., & Fouladi, R.T. (1992). R²: A computer program for interval estimation, power calculation, and hypothesis testing for the squared multiple correlation. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 4, 581-582.